What is diabetes?
Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes.Diabetes is classed as a metabolism disorder.diabetes is a condition in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria , polydipsia and olyphagia .
There are three main types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency. This type of diabetes can be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic. The majority of type 1 diabetes is of the immune-mediated nature, where beta cell loss is a T-cell mediated autoimmune attack.
Type 2 diabetes- Type 2 diabetes, previously known as adult-onset or non-insulin dependent diabetes, is the more common type of diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes- Gestational diabetes, known as GDM, is diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. GDM typically occurs during the latter part of pregnancy. After delivery, blood glucose usually returns to normal, but any woman who develops GDM has an added risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of the pancreas being unable to produce sufficient insulin (a hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism) to maintain a healthy level of blood sugar. This results in hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) which can cause increased risk of heart disease, chronic kidney failure, blindness, nerve damage and damage to blood vessels.
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